Mitigating pharmaceutical waste exposures: policy and program considerations

Mitigating pharmaceutical waste exposures: policy and program considerations

Pharmaceutical disposal and the environmental fate of medication metabolites directly impacts the public's health in two significant ways: accidental medication ingestion of pharmaceuticals that were not disposed of properly results in inadvertent toxicity; and environmental health consequences of pharmaceuticals that were inappropriately disposed and which contaminate municipal water supply. I...

Working Program on Solid Waste Policy

This paper examines the technical, economic and environmental justification for the solid waste management hierarchy. The hierarchy ranks waste management methods, prescribing that it is best to reduce the generation of waste at the source, then to recycle and compost what cannot be reduced, and finally to incinerate or landfill the remainder. While the hierarchy has received widespread support...

The Pharmaceutical Industry and Product Liability Exposures

In the broadest sense, the Pharmaceutical Industry comprises various different business models which cover all or only some parts of the pharmaceutical product life cycle. Traditionally, the pharmaceutical industry segment was constituted by research-based pharmaceutical companies which had an integrated business model from the research laboratory to distribution, meaning they developed, manufa...

Mitigating and Monitoring Program Security Vulnerabilities

Today's programs are implemented in a variety of languages and contain serious vulnerabilities which can be exploited to cause security breaches. These vulnerabilities have been exploited in real life and resulted in damages to related stakeholders such as program users. As most vulnerabilities belong to program code, many techniques have been applied to mitigate vulnerabilities before and afte...

Mitigating and Monitoring Program Security Vulnerabilities